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Measles serious threat for babies, toddlers, unvaccinated youths, ECDC says Madrid, Spain The vast majority of measles cases in Europe were reported in unvaccinated patients, and children younger than two years old were at a higher risk of dying from measles than older patients, according to research presented at the 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases ECCMID [1]. Presenting author Dr Emmanuel Robesyn of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC in Stockholm said they analysed ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Addition precautions at hospital don't help prevent spread of resistant bacteria Madrid, Spain Contact precautions, used in addition to the standard precautions, the basic level of infection control applied to all patients, did not limit or prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria in non-intensive care unit ICU hospital wards, according to research presented at the 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases ECCMID [1]. Hospital wards may play host to bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactama ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Liquid nicotine used in e-cigarettes still a danger to children despite recent... A new study published online today by Pediatrics and conducted by the Center for Injury Research and Policy and the Central Ohio Poison Center at Nationwide Children s Hospital found that there were more than 8,200 calls to US poison centers regarding exposures to liquid nicotine and e-cigarettes among children younger than 6 years of age from January 2012 through April 2017, averaging 129 calls each month or more than 4 a day. Children younger than 3 year ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Nanomedicine: Drugs can be made 'smarter' A new method has been developed to make drugs smarter using nanotechnology so they will be more effective at reaching their target. Scientists from the University of Lincoln, UK, have devised a new technique to decorate gold nanoparticles with a protein of choice so they can be used to tailor drug to more accurately target an area on the body, such as a cancer tumour. Gold nanoparticles are spheres made of gold atoms having a diameter of only few billionth ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
New study shows prenatal cannabis use associated with low birth weights AURORA, Colo. April 23, 2018 - With marijuana use during pregnancy on the rise, a new study led by the Colorado School of Public Health shows that prenatal cannabis use was associated with a 50 percent increased likelihood of low birth weight, setting the stage for serious future health problems including infection and time spent in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Our findings underscore the importance of screening for cannabis use during prenatal care and ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Scientists identify connection between dopamine and behavior related to pain a... Scientists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine have for the first time found direct causal links between the neurotransmitter dopamine and avoidance - behavior related to pain and fear. Researchers have long known that dopamine plays a key role in driving behavior related to pleasurable goals, such as food, sex and social interaction. In general, increasing dopamine boosts the drive toward these stimuli. But dopamine s role in allowing organis ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Let it go: Mental breaks after work improve sleep WASHINGTON -- If you ve had a bad day at work thanks to rude colleagues, doing something fun and relaxing after you punch out could net you a better night s sleep. That was the key finding of research that appears in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , published by the American Psychological Association. Sleep quality is crucial because sleep plays a major role in how employees perform and behave at work, said lead author Caitlin Demsky, PhD, o ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Online ads help pregnant smokers quit Online ads encouraging pregnant smokers to take up stop-smoking support could be more effective at reaching women than advice delivered in a clinical setting - according to new research involving the University of East Anglia. A new NIHR-funded study reveals that commercial online advertising about cessation support could engage large numbers of women earlier in their pregnancies, and at a lower cost. The study, led by the University of Cambridge, in colla ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Decision-making predicts future drug addiction in recreational users Activity in decision-making brain regions of people who use recreational stimulants predicts who will discontinue use and who will develop a drug use disorder, according to a new study led by Martin Paulus, Ph.D., of Laureate Institute of Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The study, which appears in Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging , measured brain activity in young adults using recreational stimulants, including cocaine and the ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
Medical doctors remain trapped in their substance-use disorders Fear of dismissal or of losing their authorisation keeps medical doctors trapped in their substance use disorders, and instead of seeking help they attempt self-treatment. This is shown by a new study from Aarhus University. It is just as difficult for the individual medical doctor to ask for help with his or her substance use disorder as it is for their colleagues to help. A new study documents how the legal and social sanctions directed at medical doctor ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
New vaccine could help people overcome bath salts abuse Researchers have developed a vaccine for one of the most dangerous types of synthetic cathinones, or bath salts. The vaccine blunts the illegal stimulant s effects on the brain, which could help recovering drug users who experience a relapse. Samantha McClenahan, a doctoral student at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, will present test results for the new vaccine at the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics annual m ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23
A neurobiological link between PTSD and addiction Recalling traumatic memories enhances the rewarding effects of morphine in male rats, finds new research published in JNeurosci . These findings may help to explain the co-occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD and addiction. More than half of PTSD patients also struggle with substance abuse, yet the underlying neural mechanisms of their addiction are not clear. Dopamine receptors in the prefrontal cortex may play a role, as they are involved in ... EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Measles serious threat for babies, toddlers, unvaccinated youths, ECDC says

Madrid, Spain The vast majority of measles cases in Europe were reported in unvaccinated patients, and children younger than two years old were at a higher risk of dying from measles than older patients, according to research presented at the 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases ECCMID [1]. Presenting author Dr Emmanuel Robesyn of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC in Stockholm said they analysed ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Addition precautions at hospital don't help prevent spread of resistant bacteria

Madrid, Spain Contact precautions, used in addition to the standard precautions, the basic level of infection control applied to all patients, did not limit or prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria in non-intensive care unit ICU hospital wards, according to research presented at the 28th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases ECCMID [1]. Hospital wards may play host to bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactama ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Liquid nicotine used in e-cigarettes still a danger to children despite recent...

A new study published online today by Pediatrics and conducted by the Center for Injury Research and Policy and the Central Ohio Poison Center at Nationwide Children s Hospital found that there were more than 8,200 calls to US poison centers regarding exposures to liquid nicotine and e-cigarettes among children younger than 6 years of age from January 2012 through April 2017, averaging 129 calls each month or more than 4 a day. Children younger than 3 year ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Nanomedicine: Drugs can be made 'smarter'

A new method has been developed to make drugs smarter using nanotechnology so they will be more effective at reaching their target. Scientists from the University of Lincoln, UK, have devised a new technique to decorate gold nanoparticles with a protein of choice so they can be used to tailor drug to more accurately target an area on the body, such as a cancer tumour. Gold nanoparticles are spheres made of gold atoms having a diameter of only few billionth ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

New study shows prenatal cannabis use associated with low birth weights

AURORA, Colo. April 23, 2018 - With marijuana use during pregnancy on the rise, a new study led by the Colorado School of Public Health shows that prenatal cannabis use was associated with a 50 percent increased likelihood of low birth weight, setting the stage for serious future health problems including infection and time spent in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Our findings underscore the importance of screening for cannabis use during prenatal care and ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Scientists identify connection between dopamine and behavior related to pain a...

Scientists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine have for the first time found direct causal links between the neurotransmitter dopamine and avoidance - behavior related to pain and fear. Researchers have long known that dopamine plays a key role in driving behavior related to pleasurable goals, such as food, sex and social interaction. In general, increasing dopamine boosts the drive toward these stimuli. But dopamine s role in allowing organis ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Let it go: Mental breaks after work improve sleep

WASHINGTON -- If you ve had a bad day at work thanks to rude colleagues, doing something fun and relaxing after you punch out could net you a better night s sleep. That was the key finding of research that appears in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , published by the American Psychological Association. Sleep quality is crucial because sleep plays a major role in how employees perform and behave at work, said lead author Caitlin Demsky, PhD, o ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Online ads help pregnant smokers quit

Online ads encouraging pregnant smokers to take up stop-smoking support could be more effective at reaching women than advice delivered in a clinical setting - according to new research involving the University of East Anglia. A new NIHR-funded study reveals that commercial online advertising about cessation support could engage large numbers of women earlier in their pregnancies, and at a lower cost. The study, led by the University of Cambridge, in colla ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Decision-making predicts future drug addiction in recreational users

Activity in decision-making brain regions of people who use recreational stimulants predicts who will discontinue use and who will develop a drug use disorder, according to a new study led by Martin Paulus, Ph.D., of Laureate Institute of Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The study, which appears in Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging , measured brain activity in young adults using recreational stimulants, including cocaine and the ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

Medical doctors remain trapped in their substance-use disorders

Fear of dismissal or of losing their authorisation keeps medical doctors trapped in their substance use disorders, and instead of seeking help they attempt self-treatment. This is shown by a new study from Aarhus University. It is just as difficult for the individual medical doctor to ask for help with his or her substance use disorder as it is for their colleagues to help. A new study documents how the legal and social sanctions directed at medical doctor ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

New vaccine could help people overcome bath salts abuse

Researchers have developed a vaccine for one of the most dangerous types of synthetic cathinones, or bath salts. The vaccine blunts the illegal stimulant s effects on the brain, which could help recovering drug users who experience a relapse. Samantha McClenahan, a doctoral student at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, will present test results for the new vaccine at the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics annual m ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23

A neurobiological link between PTSD and addiction

Recalling traumatic memories enhances the rewarding effects of morphine in male rats, finds new research published in JNeurosci . These findings may help to explain the co-occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD and addiction. More than half of PTSD patients also struggle with substance abuse, yet the underlying neural mechanisms of their addiction are not clear. Dopamine receptors in the prefrontal cortex may play a role, as they are involved in ...

EurekAlert - Mon. Apr 23