Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how individuals perceive the world and interact with others. It is characterized by challenges with social communication and interaction, along with restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests, or activities. The term “spectrum” reflects the wide range of symptoms and severity, meaning that each person with autism is unique in their strengths and difficulties. Some may have significant cognitive and language impairments, while others may be highly intelligent and articulate but struggle with social nuances. People with ASD may also experience sensory sensitivities, such as being overwhelmed by loud noises or certain textures. Symptoms typically appear in early childhood, and although the exact cause is not fully understood, both genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. While there is no cure for autism, early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve outcomes by helping individuals develop essential skills and better navigate the world around them.